Hi Stephen,
What are the bitnesses of the database server binaries in each case - is SQL Anywhere 9 also x64 or are you moving from x86 to x64 server binaries between version 9 and 16?
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What's the exact error message you're seeing when you are trying to start the database? I can't find the message "database could be not be started" in our code.
Have you tried limiting the cache on all of the started server processes now?
What happens if you don't start the last database server as a service and try to launch it just on the command line?
Regards,
Jeff Albion
SAP Active Global Support