While this is not a supported configuration, my educated guess would be that things will generally work ok for you in this scenario, but you should thoroughly test all parts of your application.
As to your specific concerns:
Database corruption is highly unlikely. I can't think of a way a client could make a request to the server that would cause database corruption (but that doesn't mean there isn't one). It would be more likely to cause a communication/connection error and disconnect the client, or cause a server or application crash in the worst case.
You might have issues with data being stored/fetched incorrectly if you are using different character sets on the client and server, but some simple tests would reveal that right away.
I would recommend you read the "Changes and Upgrading" documentation for each release and look for changes in the client that may impact your application (eg. changes in client default connection settings) and (as I said above) thoroughly test all aspects of your application.
--Jason